Li Xiang laboratory was established in Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, with the aim of developing new technologies and synthetizing plants for the future. We introduce new omics techniques at single-cell & spatial levels, providing novel insights into cell heterogeneity and revolutionize existing theories in whole-organism science. We combine evolutionary genomics with these technologies, to study convergent traits such as C4 photosynthesis. The genetic elements we identified, emerging to adapt to various geological climates, were being applied to construct ideal crops for further Earth or space environments.